Although transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) systematic prostate biopsy is the standard-of-care in the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PrCa), it often either fails to detect the presence of cancer or the patient undergoes a biopsy without needing one to begin with. A better understanding of how the Prostate Cancer-Specific Antigen (PSA) works, plus other more specific, non-invasive biomarkers, can help avoid unnecessary biopsies. Lastly, the ability to detect PrCa on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as additional diagnostic using specific prognostic scores and systems (PI-RADS) has led to a reduction in frequent biopsies and unnecessary prostate treatment. This presentation aims to report how to use the PSA biomarker effectively, educate on novel tools that improve prostate cancer detection, and help clinicians determine how to get their patients off the biopsy table.  

Session Learning Objectives:

1.) Explore the history of prostate cancer diagnosis.

2.) Discus the benefits and risks of PSA testing.

3.) Consider novel approaches to improve diagnosis.

4.) Asses if the tumor microenviornment biomarkers are useful for prostate cancer.